Reviewed July 31, 2026

Supplemental Security Income (SSI)

A needs-based federal benefit program administered by the Social Security Administration.

Recommended Spanish equivalent

Seguridad de Ingreso Suplementario (SSI). Keep the official initials “SSI” because agencies and forms use them.

Definition

Supplemental Security Income is a federal program administered by the Social Security Administration. It provides monthly payments to certain adults and children with little or no income and resources who are disabled, blind, or age 65 or older.

How SSI differs from Social Security Disability Insurance

SSI is based on financial need and is not based on the applicant's prior work or a family member's prior work. Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) generally depends on insured work history. Some people may qualify for both programs, but the rules and payment calculations are separate.

What can affect SSI

Income, resources, household circumstances, living arrangements, age, disability or blindness rules, and certain citizenship or immigration rules can affect eligibility or payment. The applicable limits change, so use the current SSA eligibility pages rather than an undated summary.

Practical example

An adult with a qualifying disability and limited income and resources may apply for SSI even without enough work history for SSDI. SSA must still review the complete application and supporting information.

Related terms and resources

Official sources